Self-Harm
Self-harm (also known as self-mutilation) is a complex behaviour that is often, although not exclusively, practised by those suffering from an Eating Disorder. Even though there is the possibility that a self inflicted injury could be fatal, self-harm is not considered to be suicidal behaviour.
There are numerous and varied reasons why a person might self-harm. Some of these include:
- To help externalize emotional internal pain
- To relieve intense feelings of anxiety
- To be able to feel anything (instead of a sense of "numbness")
- To release anger
- To punish self (related to an overwhelming self-loathing)
- To control pain (as opposed to external abuse - eg sexual or physical which is beyond the individual's control)
- To manipulate others (eg instill a sense of guilt)
- To break emotional numbness (the ability to cut without feeling pain)
- To attract attention (cry for help)
- Etc
Equally there are many ways in which a person may perform the act of self-harming. These include:
- Cutting (usually with knives, razor blades or glass)
- Burning
- Banging head against a hard surface (often a wall)
- Punching
- Hitting
- Scratching
- Stabbing
- Etc
Identifying the underlying issues or disorders behind this behaviour, tackling the devastatingly low self-esteem and exploring historic events that may have led to the development of this practice are key constituents in treating this problem.